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Anna Marciniak-Czochra
Center for Modeling and Simulations in the Biosciences, University of Heidelberg
Spike-like patterns in models of very early cancer
October 30, 2008
3-4 PM, 646 PGH
Abstract
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Carcinogenesis, the process by which cells of the organism undergo transfor-
mations, which eventually lead to formation of malignant tumours, is a process,
the nature of which is sub ject of vigorous current research and much contro-
versy. Two main theories of early cancer are (i) the clonal theory, by which a
tumour can be traced to a single “first” malignant cell and (ii) the cancerisation
field theory, by which a population of similar cells is responding similarly to
a carcinogen. The field theory better explains multiple primary tumours and
existence of spatially distributed pre-malignant areas in a tissue. We designed
a series of mathematical models, in which spatial diffusion of growth factors,
cell growth, mutations and mutualism among early cancer cells are taken into
account. The models have the form of reaction-diffusion equations coupled with
ordinary differential equations. They describe how early growth occurs over lin-
ear structures in the tissue, such as alveoli in the lungs or ducts in the breast. We
use analytic and computational methods to demonstrate that models generate
spatial patterns, analogous to those in the transition from atypical adenoma-
tous hyperplasia (AAH) to bronchoalveolar carcinoma (BAC) of the lung. One
important biological conclusion from modelling is that diffusion of growth fac-
tors dramatically alters the growth dynamics, leading to effects such as rapid
exponential growth following a period of apparent stability and formation of
spatial patterns (spikes and plateaus). Biologically, our results are consistent
with a version of cancerisation field theory.
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